Wrench



(No Model.) I

G. E. FRANKLIN.

- WRENCH. No. 395,431. Patented Jan. 1, 1889.

5 J2 W a I A A Wf/Zfid', jfzm/zz m 6. /C 590/36 EEwm ZZ/a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE E. FRANKLIN, OE NATICK, MASSACHUSETTS.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,431, dated January 1, 1889.

Application filed April 23, 1888. Serial No. 271,592. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Gnonen E. FRANKLIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Natiek,

in the county of hfiddlesev and State of Massachusetts, have-invented certain. new and useful Improvements in \Vrenches; and I do hereby declare the fol lowing to be a full, clear, l and exact description of the invention, such 1 as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reterence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which term a part of this specification.

This invention relates to wrenches, particularly that class termed monkey-Wrenches; audit consists in a compound-lever attachment by which a gripping-plate pivotally affixed upon the movable j aw is to be actuated and pressed more firmly against the object to be grasped.

E portion of the movable jaw. Thus as the latter lever E. It will thus be seen that it is the outer end of the plate D which receives the E l l l l l The drawings accompanying this specifiea tion represent, in Figure l, a side elevation of a wrench embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section longitudinally of. the shank. of the wrench. jliig. 23 is a similar section showing a modification in construction.

in the present instance, A represents the shank. of an ordinary monkey-wrcuch, so called, screw-threaded at. a.

1-3 is the fixed head, and C the movable jaw full benefit and force of the leverage effected by the lever E and its connecting parts, and, as it is this portion of the jaws which usually fails to properly grasp the article, the purpose of my invention is fully disclosed.

One advantage in this attachment is that the tool may be used as a simple wrench without employing the operatin g back-lever E. In

the employment of the grippin g-pla te the movable jaw is adjusted, by means of the nut 11 and f screw 6/, as closely as possible about the object provided with an actuating sl ecve-n ut, Z1,which engages the screw-thread a.

in all wrenches provided with the ad justing nut and screw it has been found that a certain spring or yieldingcxistsbetween said jaw and the object graspml, due to the lost motion among the several parts, and this provents a proper grip upon the nut or ol her article to be operal'm'l upon. To obviale this defect I have pivoted a gripping-plate, l), at c, to the movable jaw, andthis plate serves as the active part of said jaw.

To actuate theplal'e l) at proper tin1es,when the wrench is to be used, I have cast or otherwise provided a boss, d, upon the upper part of the movable jaw and pivoted thereto a lever, E which is spring-actuated at e. The free end of the latter rests upon the strap ll, which giri'lles the handle A and Forms the rear to be operated upon. The operator rasps the handle A and lover E, and as he draws the tool toward him in direction of arrow 1 the force thus employed operates to close the lever down upon the handle A. This movement of the lever advances the outer or free end of the plate I) towa rd the fixed jaw with an increased force proportional to the arrangement of the lever system, and thus the tendency of the jaws of the wrench to separate or spring apart is effectually counteracted.

A "further advantage is to be observed in that the lever atlachment simple and inexpensive and can easily be applied to any wrench. In the present inst-mice the active face oi? the gripping-plate is shown as smooth, to be used in set ling up nuts; but in lieu thereof a roughened or serrated plate maybe SlllJSlllllltGtl, in which event the tool can be employed for piping purposes.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a modification in the construction of the links (i G, which connect the outer tree end of the gripping-plate with its actrial ing-lever. Thus in lieu of two links disposed exteriorly and laterallyot the shank A of the wrench said shank is slotted at 72., and

but one link G is then employed to unite the arm f of the gripping-plate with the lever E.

I clain1 1. In a wrench provided with a fixed jaw, the movable jaw C, to which is pivoted a gripping-plate, D, furnished with the arm f, in combination with a spring-lever, E, disposed upon the back of said wrench and pivoted to the movable jaw, and the connecting-links G G, which unite said plate and lever, all operating substantially as and for purposes described.

2. In a wrench, the combination, with the fixed jaw and a movable j aw screw-actuated, of

a gripping-plate pivoted to and carried by said movable jaw, and the compound lever system which actuates said gripping-plate, composed of the pivots 0 cl in the movable jaw, the operating-lever E, lever-armf, and a link or links, G, uniting said arm and lever, substantially as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I my signature 1'1 presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE E. FRANKLIN.

Witnesses:

H. E. LODGE, E. K. BOYNTON. 

